Intolerância ao exercício em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica
Palavras-chave:
Doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica, Reabilitação, Tolerância ao exercícioResumo
A doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica é uma doença irreversível, de elevada incidência e alto custo para os serviços públicos e privados de saúde. Essa doença restringe a capacidade física do indivíduo, o que contribui para hospitalizações frequentes e elevada mortalidade. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever as características da doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica e os principais fatores que limitam a tolerância ao exercício nessa população. A intolerância ao exercício reduz a capacidade de pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica em realizarem suas atividades de vida diária, favorecendo o desenvolvimento de depressão, isolamento social e piora da qualidade de vida, entre outras complicações. Atualmente, as evidências científicas suportam a necessidade de que esses pacientes sejam submetidos a programas de reabilitação pulmonar, que incluem, entre outras atividades, a prática de exercício físico. Entretanto, para a compreensão da intervenção e obtenção de resultados mais efetivos, é fundamental o entendimento das alterações respiratórias e sistêmicas observadas na doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica, assim como as razões que levam à inatividade física.
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