Efeitos da suplementação de β-hidroxi-β-metilbutirato sobre a força e a hipertrofia
Palavras-chave:
Dieta, Hipertrofia, Suplementos dietéticosResumo
O β-hidroxi-β-metilbutirato é um metabólito da leucina estudado devido aos seus efeitos anticatabólicos e possíveis implicações sobre os ganhos de força e massa muscular associados ao treinamento contra-resistência (conhecido como musculação). O objetivo deste trabalho foi revisar a literatura referente à suplementação de β-hidroxi-β-metilbutirato e os seus efeitos sobre força e hipertrofia em adultos jovens e idosos iniciantes ou treinados em treinamento contra-resistência. Estudos em indivíduos iniciando um programa de treinamento contra-resistência sugerem que a suplementação diária de 1,5 a 3,0g de β-hidroxi-β-metilbutirato pode trazer benefício ergogênico durante as primeiras quatro ou cinco semanas. Entretanto, à medida que o programa de treinamento evolui, tais efeitos não permanecem e os ganhos de força e massa muscular são proporcionados apenas pelo treinamento contra-resistência. Em indivíduos treinados, os resultados parecem não ser os mesmos, uma vez que, desde o início da suplementação, o β-hidroxi-β-metilbutirato não demonstra qualquer benefício adicional aos induzidos pelo treinamento
contra-resistência. Alguns efeitos do β-hidroxi-β-metilbutirato na redução do colesterol total e lipoproteína de baixa densidade também foram observados, porém, devido às poucas evidências, não há recomendações para tal finalidade. Nenhum efeito adverso da suplementação foi observado, sendo, aparentemente, segura, contudo a maioria dos estudos foi realizada em curto prazo (menos de 4 semanas) e em indivíduos destreinados. Assim, mais estudos são necessários para esclarecer o mecanismo fisiológico por meio do qual o β-hidroxi-β-metilbutirato exerce seus efeitos anticatabólicos em destreinados e para observar possíveis
efeitos adversos.
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