Ácidos graxos poliinsaturados ômega-3 e ômega-6: importância e ocorrência em alimentos
Palavras-chave:
ácidos graxos poliinsaturados, ácido eicosapentaenóico, ácidos docosahexaenóicos, ácido araquidônico, ácidos graxos ômega-3, ácidos graxos ômega-6Resumo
Os ácidos graxos poliinsaturados abrangem as famílias de ácidos graxos ômega-3 e ômega-6. Os ácidos graxos de cadeia muito longa, como os ácidos araquidônico e docosaexaenóico, desempenham importantes funções no desenvolvimento e funcionamento do cérebro e da retina. Esse grupo de ácidos graxos não pode ser obtido pela síntese de novo, mas pode ser sintetizado a partir dos ácidos linoléico e alfa-linolênico presentes na dieta. Neste artigo são considerados os principais fatores que podem inibir a atividade das enzimas dessaturases envolvidas na síntese dos ácidos graxos de cadeia muito longa. São apresentadas as recomendações da razão ômega-6/ômega-3 na dieta, propostas em diversos países, sendo verificada a convergência para o intervalo de 4 a 5:1. São relacionados alimentos que podem contribuir para aumentar a ingestão do ácido alfa-linolênico e dos ácidos graxos de cadeia muito longa. A essencialidade dos ácidos graxos de cadeia muito longa é muito dependente do metabolismo do indivíduo, sendo que a razão n-6/n-3 da dieta exerce grande influência nesse sentido.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Clayton Antunes MARTIN, Vanessa Vivian de ALMEIDA, Marcos Roberto RUIZ, Jeane Eliete Laguila VISENTAINER, Makoto MATSHUSHITA, Nilson Evelázio de SOUZA, Jesuí Vergílio VISENTAINER
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