Branched-Chain amino acids intake is negatively related to body adiposity in individuals at cardiometabolic risk
Palavras-chave:
Cardiovascular diseases, Feeding behavior, Isoleucine. Leucine, Overweight, ValineResumo
Objective
To assess the relationship between branched-chain amino acids intake in the current diet and the metabolic and body adiposity markers in a population at cardiovascular risk.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study with 282 adults and elderly people from the Cardiovascular Health Care Program of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Sociodemographic, anthropometric and body composition data, as well as metabolic biomarkers were collected using standardized protocols. Dietary intake of branched amino acids was assessed using a 24-hour recall.
Results
Individuals with a higher branched-chain amino acids intake (≥2.6g/day, median value) had lower body fat (29.6 vs 32.2%; p=0.019), and higher serum ferritin (113.2 vs. 60.1mg/dL; p=0.006) and uric acid concentrations (4.4 vs. 4.0; p=0.023). In addition, a lower prevalence of overweight and excessive abdominal fat (p<0.05) was found in the individuals with higher branched-chain amino acids intake. They also had a higher daily intake of fiber, copper, zinc, magnesium, and iron, as well as a lower intake of total lipids.
Conclusion
In the present study, the intake of branched amino acids is negatively related to total and central adiposity, but more studies are needed to fully elucidate this possible relationship. (Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials, code RBR-5n4y2g).
Referências
Ruiz-Canela M, Toledo E, Clish CB, Hruby A, Liang L, Salas-Salvadó J, et al. Plasma branched-chain amino acids and incident cardiovascular disease in the PREDIMED trial. Clin Chem. 2016;62(4):582.
Dégano IR, Marrugat J, Grau M, Salvador-González B, Ramos R, Zamora A, et al. The association between education and cardiovascular disease incidence is mediated by hypertension, diabetes, and body mass index. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):12370.
Zhao X, Han Q, Liu Y, Sun C, Gang X, Wang G. The Relationship between branched-chain amino acid related metabolomic signature and insulin resistance: a systematic review. J Diabetes Res. 2016:2794591.
Cummings NE, Williams EM, Kasza I, Konon EN, Schaid MD, Schmidt BA, et al. Restoration of metabolic health by decreased consumption of branched-chain amino acids. J Physiol. 2018;596(4):623-45.
Zheng Y, Ceglarek U, Huang T, Li L, Rood J, Ryan DH, et al. Weight-loss diets and 2-y changes in circulating amino acids in 2 randomized intervention trials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016;103(2):505-11.
Siomkajlo M, Rybka J, Mierzchala-Pasierb M, Gamian A, Stankiewicz-Olczyk J, Bolanowski M, et al. Specific plasma amino acid disturbances associated with metabolic syndrome. Endocrine. 2017;58(3):553-62.
Rousseau M, Guénard F, Garneau V, Allam-Ndoul B, Lemieux S, Pérusse L, et al. Associations between dietary protein sources, plasma BCAA and short-chain acylcarnitine levels in adults. Nutrients. 2019;11(1):173.
Green CR, Wallace M, Divakaruni AS, Phillips SA, Murphy AN, Ciaraldi TP, et al. Branched chain amino acid catabolism fuels adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis. Nat Chem Biol. 2016;12(1):15-21.
Lynch CJ, Adams SH. Branched-chain amino acids in metabolic signalling and insulin resistance. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2014;10(12):723-36.
Cocate PG, Natali AJ, Oliveira A, Alfenas RC, Hermsdorff HH. Consumption of branched-chain amino acids is inversely associated with central obesity and cardiometabolic features in a population of Brazilian middleaged men: potential role of leucine intake. J Nutr Health Aging. 2015;19(7):771.
Giglio BM, Schincaglia RM, Silva AS, Fazani ICS, Monteiro PA, Mota JF, et al. Whey protein supplementation compared to collagen increases blood nesfatin concentrations and decreases android fat in overweight women: a randomized double-blind study. Nutrients. 2019; 11(9):pii:E2051. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11092051
Novin ZS, Ghavamzadeh S, Mehdizadeh A. The weight loss effects of branched chain amino acids and vitamin B6: a randomized controlled trial on obese and overweight women. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2018;88(1-2):80-9.
Okekunle AP, Zhang M, Wang Z, Onwuka JU, Wu X, Feng R, et al. Dietary branched-chain amino acids intake exhibited a different relationship with type 2 diabetes and obesity risk: a meta-analysis. Acta Diabetol. 2019;56(2):187-95.
Li YC, Li Y, Liu LY, Chen Y, Zi TQ, Du SS, et al. The ratio of dietary branched-chain amino acids is associated with a lower prevalence of obesity in young Northern Chinese adults: an internet-based cross-sectional study. Nutrients. 2015;7(11):9573-89.
Qin LQ, Xun P, Bujnowski D, Daviglus ML, Horn LV, Stamler J, et al. Higher branched-chain amino acid intake is associated with a lower prevalence of being overweight or obese in middle-aged East Asian and Western adults. J Nutr. 2011;141(2):249-54.
Okekunle AP, Li Y, Liu L, Du S, Wu X, Chen Y, et al. Abnormal circulating amino acid profiles in multiple metabolic disorders. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2017;132:45-58.
Ministério da Saúde (Brasil). Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos. Brasília: Ministério; 2013 [citado 2 fev 2017]. Disponível em: http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-5n4y2g/.
Dietpro. Dietpro: soluções em Nutrição. Viçosa: Dietpro; 2019.
Department of Agriculture (United States). FoodData Central. Washington: Department; 2016 [cited 2016 Aug 8]. Available from: https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/
Silva HA, Carraro JCC, Bressan J, Hermsdorff HHM. Relação entre ácido úrico e síndrome metabólica em uma população com risco cardiometabólico. Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2015;13(2):202-8.
World Health Organization. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic: report of a World Health Organization Consultation. Geneva: Organization; 2000(284):256.
Lipschitz DA. Screening for nutritional status in the elderly. Prim Care. 1994;21:55-67.
Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, et al. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation. 2009;120(16):1640-5.
Mohammadabadi F, Vafaiyan Z, Hosseini SM, Aryaie M, Eshghinia S. Assessment of insulin resistance with two methods: HOMA-IR and TyG index in Iranian obese women. Iran J Diabetes Obes. 2014;6(1):23-7.
Carraro JC, Hermsdorff HH, Mansego ML, Zulet MÁ, Milagro FI, Bressan J, et al. Higher fruit intake is related to TNF-α hypomethylation and better glucose tolerance in healthy subjects. J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics. 2016;9(2-4):95-105.
Santos Epifânio AP, Balbino KP, Jorge MP, Ribeiro SMR, Moreira AVB, Oliveira JM, et al. Metabolic, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in the nitric oxide variation of hemodialysis subjects. Nutr Hosp. 2018;10;35(1):176-84.
Willett W. Overview of nutritional epidemiology. In: Willett W. Nutritional epidemiology. 2nd. ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 1998:514.
Shin AC, Fasshauer M, Filatova N, Grundell LA, Zielinski E, Zhou JY, et al. Brain insulin lowers circulating BCAA levels by inducing hepatic BCAA catabolism. Cell Metab. 2014;20(5):898-909.
Du X, You H, Li Y, Wang Y, Hui P, Qiao B, et al. Relationships between circulating branched chain amino acid concentrations and risk of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with STEMI treated with PCI. Sci Rep. 2018;8:15809.
Prodhan UK, Milan AM, Thorstensen EB, Barnett MPG, Stewart RAH, Benatar JR, et al. Altered dairy protein intake does not alter circulatory branched chain amino acids in healthy adults: a randomized controlled trial. Nutrients. 2018;10(10):1510.
Zheng Y, Li Y, Qi Q, Hruby A, Manson JE, Willett WC, et al. Cumulative consumption of branched-chain amino acids and incidence of type 2 diabetes. Int J Epidemiol. 2016;45(5):1482-92.
Mangge H, Zelzer S, Prüller F, Schnedl WJ, Weghuber D, Enko D, et al. Branched-chain amino acids are associated with cardiometabolic risk profiles found already in lean, overweight and obese young. J Nutr Biochem. 2016;32:123-7.
Grajeda-Iglesias C, Aviram M. Specific amino acids affect cardiovascular diseases and atherogenesis via protection against macrophage foam cell formation: review article. Rambam Maimonides Med J. 2018;9(3):e0022. https://doi.org/10.5041/RMMJ.10337
Palmer ND, Okut H, Hsu FC, Ng MCY, Chen YDI, Goodarzi MO, et al. Metabolomics identifies distinctive metabolite signatures for measures of glucose homeostasis: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Family Study (IRAS-FS). J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018;103(5):1877-88.
Tobias DK, Lawler PR, Harada PH, Demler OV, Ridker PM, Manson JE, et al. Circulating branched-chain amino acids and incident cardiovascular disease in a prospective cohort of US women. Circ Genom Precis Med. 2018;11(4):e002157. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCGEN.118.002157.
Merz B, Frommherz L, Rist MJ, Kulling SE, Bub A, Watzl B. Dietary pattern and plasma BCAA-variations in healthy men and women: results from the KarMeN Study. Nutrients. 2018;10(5):623.
Briggs MA, Petersen KS, Kris-Etherton PM. Saturated fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: replacements for saturated fat to reduce cardiovascular risk. Healthcare. 2017;5(2):29.
Haring B, Gronroos N, Nettleton JA, von Ballmoos MCW, Selvin E, et al. Dietary protein intake and coronary heart disease in a large community based cohort: results from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Plos One. 2014;9(10):e109552. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109552
Jennings A, MacGregor A, Pallister T, Spector T, Cassidy A. Associations between branched chain amino acid intake and biomarkers of adiposity and cardiometabolic health independent of genetic factors: a twin study. Int J Cardiol. 2016;223:992-8.
McAllan L, Cotter PD, Roche HM, Korpela R, Nilaweera KN. Impact of leucine on energy balance. J Physiol Biochem. 2013;69(1):155-63.
Klip IT, Voors AA, Swinkels DW, Bakker SJ, Kootstra-Ros JE, Lam CS, et al. Serum ferritin and risk for newonset heart failure and cardiovascular events in the community. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19(3):348-56.
Zacharski LR, Shamayeva G, Chow BK, DePalma RG. Ferritin and percent transferrin saturation levels predict type 2 diabetes risk and cardiovascular disease outcomes. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2017;13(4):428-36.
Yang P, Hu W, Fu Z, Sun L, Zhou Y, Gong Y, et al. The positive association of branched-chain amino acids and metabolic dyslipidemia in Chinese Han population. Lipids Health Dis. 2016;15:120.
Silveira BKS, Novaes JFN, Reis NA, Lourenço LP, Capobiango AHM, Leal ACG, et al. Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors are associated with diet quality in cardiometabolic risk subjects. J Food Nutr Res. 2019;7(2):141-7.
Meneguelli TS, Hinkelmann JV, Novaes JF, Rosa COB, Filgueiras MS, Silveira BKS, et al. Dietary inflammatory index is associated with excessive body weight and dietary patterns in subjects with cardiometabolic risk. J Food Nutr Res. 2019;7(7):491-9.
Almeida AP, Rocha DMUP, Moreira AVB, Lima HCFM, Hermsdorff HH. Personalized nutrition using PROCARDIO
to reduce cardiometabolic risk in the academic community: a study protocol with preliminary results. J Am Coll Nutr. 2020;1-10.
Silva JT, Bersch-Ferreira ÂC, Torreglosa CR, Weber B, Levy RB. Development of a dietary index based on the Brazilian cardioprotective nutritional program (BALANCE). Nutr J. 2018;17(1):49.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2023 Alinne Paula de ALMEIDA, Fernanda Santos FORTES, Brenda Kelly Souza SILVEIRA, Nínive de Almeida REIS, Helen Hermana Miranda HERMSDORFF
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
