Factors associated with protein consumption in elderly
Palabras clave:
Aged, Aging, Dietary proteins, Food consumptionResumen
Objective
We evaluated factors associated with protein consumption by the elderly.
Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study in a sample of 295 elderly consumers of health facilities in São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil. Protein consumption data (g and g/kg) were obtained through 24-hour dietary recalls, which was reapplied in a 30% sub-sample to estimate habitual consumption, with an interval of two weeks. The association between protein consumption and sociodemographic, economic, health, and dietary variables was tested using multiple linear regression.
Results
There was a positive association between protein consumption (g and g/kg) and better Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised, between protein consumption (g) and male sex, and a negative association between protein consumption (g/kg) and greater calf circumference. Higher average protein consumption (g or g/kg) was observed among married elderly, individuals with higher income and schooling, who were economically active, eutrophic, without dyslipidemia and symptoms of dysphagia, who consumed three main meals and an intermediate snack.
Conclusion
The results showed that protein consumption was associated with diet quality, sex, and calf circumference. The identification of elderly groups prone to protein inadequacy may direct individual and collective interventions to prevent muscle mass reduction and its implications, such as sarcopenia and other adverse outcomes.
Citas
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Projeção da população do Brasil por sexo e idade: 2000–2060. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE; 2013 [acesso 2016 dez 8]. Disponível em: http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/projecao_da_populacao/2013/default.shtm
Volpi E, Campbell WW, Dwyer JT, Johnson MA, Jensen GL, Morley JE, et al. Is the optimal level of protein intake for older adults greater than the recommended dietary allowance? J Geront A Biol Sci Med. 2013;68(6):677-81. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/gls229
Diz JB, Leopoldino AA, Moreira BS, Henschke N, Dias RC, Pereira LS, et al. Prevalence of sarcopenia in older Brazilians: A systematic review and metaanalysis. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2016;17(1):5-16. https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.12720
Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, Cederholm T, Landi F, et al. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on sarcopenia in older people. Age Ageing. 2010;39(4):412-3.
Alexandre TS, Duarte YAO, Santos JLF, Wong R, Lebrao ML. Sarcopenia according to the european working group on sarcopenia in older people (EWGSOP) versus Dynapenia as a risk factor for disability in the elderly. J Nutr Health Aging. 2014;18(5):547-3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-013-0424-x
Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids. Washington: Institute of Medicine; 2005 [cited 2016 Dec 8]. Available from: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10490/dietary-reference-intakes- for-energy-carbohydratefiber-fat-fatty-acids-cholesterol-protein-andamino-acids-macronutrients
Bauer J, Biolo G, Cederholm T, Cesari M, Cruz-Jentoft, Morley JE, et al. Evidence-based recommendation for optimal dietary protein intake in older people: A position paper from the PROT-AGE Study Group. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2013;14(8):542-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2013.05.021
Deutz NE, Bauer JM, Barazzoni R, Biolo G, Boirie Y, Bosy-Westphal A, et al. Protein intakeand exercise for optimal muscle function with aging: Recommendations from the ESPEN Expert Group. Clin Nutr. 2014;33(6):929-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2014.04.007
Ruiz Valenzuela RE, Ponce JA, Morales-Figueroa GG, Aguilar Muro K, Ramírez Carreón V, AlemánMateo H. Insufficient amounts and inadequate distribution of dietary protein intake in apparently healthy older adults in a developing country: Implications for dietary strategies to prevent sarcopenia. Clin Interv Aging. 2013;8:1143-8. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S49810
Organização Pan Americana de Saúde. Encuestra Multicêntrica – Salud Beinestar y Envejecimeiento (SABE) en América Latina e el Caribe. In: Anales da 36ª Reunión del Comitê Asesor de Ivestigaciones en Salud – Informe preliminar. Washington (DC): OPAS; 2001 [acesso 2016 dez 8]. Disponible en: https://www.opas.org/program/sabe.htm
Studenski SA, Peters KW, Alley DE, Cawthon PM, McLean RR, Harris TB, et al. The FNIH Sarcopenia Project: Rationale, study description, conference recommendations, and final estimates. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2014;69(5):547-58. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glu010
Barbosa-Silva TG, Bielemann RM, Gonzalez MC, Menezes AMB. Prevalence of sarcopenia among community-dwelling elderly of a medium-sized South American city: Results of the COMO VAI? Study. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2016;7(2):136-43. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12049
Fulgoni VL 3rd. Current protein intake in America: Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003–2004. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(Suppl.):1554S-7S.
Berner LA, Becker G, Wise M, Doi J. Characterization of dietary protein among older adults in the United States: amount, animal sources, and meal patterns. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2013;113(6):809-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2013.01.014
Freitas TI, Previdelli AN, Ferreira MPN, Marques KM, Goulart RMM, Aquino RC. Factors associated with diet quality of older adults. Rev Nutr. 2017;30(3):297-306. https://doi.org/10.1590/167 8-98652017000300003
Beasley JM, LaCroix AZ, Neuhouser ML, Huang Y, Tinker L, Woods N, et al. Protein intake and incident frailty in the Women’s Health Initiative observational study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010;58(6):1063-71. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02866.x
Haring B, Gronroos N, Nettleton JA, von Ballmoos MC, Selvin E, Alonso A. Dietary protein intake and coronary heart disease in large community based cohort: Results from Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. PLoS One. 2014;9(10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109552
Abreu WC, Franceschini SCC, Tinoco ALA, Pereira CAS, Silva MMS. Inadequação no consumo alimentar e fatores interferentes na ingestão energética de idosos matriculados no Programa Municipal da Terceira Idade de Viçosa (MG). Rev Baiana Saúde Pública. 2008;32(2):190-202.
Venturini CD, Engroff P, Sgnaolim V, El Kik RM, Morrone FB, Silva Filho IG, et al. Consumo de nutrientes em idosos residentes em Porto Alegre (RS), Brasil: um estudo de base populacional. Ciênc Saúde Coletiva. 2015;20(12):3701-11. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320152012.01432015
Volkert D, Kreuel K, Heseker H, Stehle P. Energy and nutrient intake of young-old, old-old and very-old elderly in Germany. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004;58(8):1190-200. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601950
Tieland M, Borgonjen-Van den Berg KJ, van Loon LJ, de Groot LC. Dietary protein intake in community-dwelling, frail, and institutionalized elderly people: Scope for improvement. Eur J Nutr. 2012;51(2):173-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-011-0203-6
Tieland M, Borgonjen-Van den Berg KJ, Van Loon LJ, de Groot LC. Dietary Protein Intake in Dutch Elderly People: A Focus on Protein Sources. Nutrients. 2015;7(12):9697-706. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7125496
Gray-Donald K, St-Arnaud-McKenzie D, Gaudreau P, Morais JA, Shatenstein B, Payette H. Protein intake protects against weight loss in healthy community-dwelling older adults. J Nutr.2014;144(3):321-6. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.113.184705
Beasley JM, Deierlein AL, Morland KB, Granieri EC, Spark A. Is meeting the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for Protein Related to Body Composition among older adults?: Results from the Cardiovascular Health of Seniors and Built Environment Study. J Nutr Health Aging. 2016;20(8):790-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-015-0707-5
Houston DK, Nicklas BJ, Ding J, Harris TB, Tylavsky FA, Newman AB, et al. Dietary protein intake is associated with lean mass change in older, community-dwelling adults: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(1):150-5.
Lima LA, Nedel FB, Olinto MTA, Baldisserotto J. Food habits of hypertensive and diabetics cared for in a Primary Health Care service in the South of Brazil. Rev Nutr. 2015;28(2):197-206. https://doi.org/10.1590/1415-52732015000200008
Previdelli AN, Andrade SC, Pires MM, Ferreira SMG, Fisberg RM, Marchioni DM. Índice de qualidade da dieta revisado para a população brasileira. Rev Saúde Pública. 2011;45(4):794-98. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102011005000035
Ministério da Saúde (Brasil). Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde. Guia alimentar para a população brasileira. 2ª ed. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde; 2014 [acesso 2016 dez 8]. Disponível em: http://portalsaude.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2014/novembro/05/Guia-Alimentar-para-a-popbrasiliera-Miolo-PDF-Internet.pdf
Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Fundação João Pinheiro. O índice de desenvolvimento humano municipal brasileiro. Série Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano no Brasil. Brasília: PNUD; 2013 [acesso 2016 dez 8]. Disponivel em: http://www.undp.org/content/brazil/pt/home/library/idh1/o-idh-brasileiro0.html
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 Natália GASPARETO, Ágatha Nogueira PREVIDELLI, Rita de Cássia de AQUINO
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
