Vitamin A deficiency and factors associated with retinol levels in public school students

Authors

  • Adeíldes Bezerra Moura de LIMA Universidade Federal do Piauí
  • Laís Spíndola GARCÊZ Universidade Federal da Bahia
  • Iara Katrynne Fonseca OLIVEIRA Universidade Federal do Piauí
  • Marize Melo dos SANTOS Universidade Federal do Piauí
  • Suzana Maria Rebelo Sampaio DA PAZ Faculdade Santo Agostinho
  • Adriana de Azevedo PAIVA Universidade Federal do Piauí

Keywords:

Indicators, Students, Vitamin A, Vitamin A deficiency

Abstract

Objective
To estimate the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency and determine the socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with serum retinol levels in public school students.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 245 students from the urban and rural areas of the city of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. Socioeconomic data were collected using a form. Serum retinol level was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and classified according to the cut-off points provided by the World Health Organization. All statistical tests had a significance level of 5%.


Results
The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency (retinol level <0.70μmol/L) was 9.8% (95%CI=7.9–10.0). The prevalences of low and acceptable retinol levels (<1.05mmol/L) were higher in students aged 12–14 years living in households Objective To estimate the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency and determine the socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with serum retinol levels in public school students.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 245 students from the urban and rural areas of the city of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. Socioeconomic data were collected using a form. Serum retinol level was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and classified according to the cut-off points provided by the World Health Organization. All statistical tests had a significance level of 5%.

Results
The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency (retinol level <0.70μmol/L) was 9.8% (95%CI=7.9–10.0). The prevalences of low and acceptable retinol levels (<1.05mmol/L) were higher in students aged 12–14 years living in households without piped water supply (p>0.05). Water well or other untreated water sources were the factors most strongly associated with low retinol levels (OR=3.28; 95%CI=1.48–7.28; p=0.003).

Conclusion
Vitamin A deficiency was characterized as a mild public health problem in the students, indicating the need of actions that address this issue in schools and of studies with larger samples to investigate the problem at the municipal and state levels. Untreated water intake, a possible source of waterborne illnesses, contributed to lower retinol levels

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Published

2023-03-21

How to Cite

Bezerra Moura de LIMA, A. ., Spíndola GARCÊZ, L. ., Fonseca OLIVEIRA, I. K. ., Melo dos SANTOS, M. ., Rebelo Sampaio DA PAZ, S. M. ., & de Azevedo PAIVA, A. . (2023). Vitamin A deficiency and factors associated with retinol levels in public school students. Brazilian Journal of Nutrition, 30(5). Retrieved from https://puccampinas.emnuvens.com.br/nutricao/article/view/7913

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE